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Ancient Karen Settlement which adheres to Strict Tribal Customs
Villagers pay homage to their ancestors and the Lord Buddha in a ceremony heralding in the New Year. PHOTOS BY PHONGTHAI WATTANAVANITVUT
CHIANGRAI TIMES – A remote Karen village in Tak Thailand has become the subject of public fascination as a place where numerous hermits dwell. Locals worship the hermits, who teach them to refrain from alcohol and gambling, embrace vegetarianism, live a modest life and respect traditional values.
Ban Letongkhu village, inhabited by the ethnic Karen people who boast a unique and ancient culture, is deep in the jungle near the Thai-Myanmar border in tambon Mae Chan of Umphang district in Tak province.
Ethnic Karen women help take a jar full of water to the residence of Phuejae Monae.
It is about 100 kilometres from the heart of Umphang and the last 20km section of the route to the village is a steep gravel road that is passable to four wheel drive vehicles only.
Ban Letongkhu village is only 40 metres above mean sea level but is surrounded by tall mountains mostly higher than 1,000 metres above sea level. As the village is only about 90km from the Gulf of Martaban in Myanmar, its climate is hot and humid almost all year round, similar to that in the south of Thailand.
There are 248 families _ 1,488 people _ in the village which is heavily reliant on farming. The villagers grow rice, vegetables and fruits including palm, durian, mangosteen and coconut and sell their produce at the border markets in Umphang district.
There is no written evidence about the hermit village’s settlement. However, oral accounts from older villagers and the plants grown in the village indicate the community may well be over a century old.
The villagers as well as other Karen people living in nearby communities including those on the Myanmar side worship the hermits, or issi in the Karen language.
Ban Letongkhu selects one of the hermits to be the supreme spiritual leader of the village. There have been 10 hermit leaders to date and the incumbent is named Phuejae Monae.
Hermits and their disciples strictly observe the five basic Buddhist precepts. They, as well as other villagers, do not eat pork, duck and chicken, believing that evil dwells in pigs, ducks and chickens.
Phuejae Monae, the supreme spiritual leader of the hermit-worshipping Ban Letongkhu village in Tak.
The people also refrain from eating beef out of respect for the cattle which help them in the cultivation of farm produce.
This is the reason why the villagers came to adopt a vegetarian diet which is deep-rooted in their agriculture.
The Ban Letongkhu villagers practise simple living from the inside out. Their thatch-roofed houses are raised above ground. The floors and walls are made of bamboo and branches which are found in abundance in the jungle.
Karen people in Ban Letongkhu village have a unique look as they wear their hair long and tied in a small bun over their forehead or on the top of their head. Alternatively, both men and women may shave their heads.
They share ownership of an important item of reverence, an elephant tusk carved into a Buddha image in the meditation posture. The tusk is over four centuries old and is the symbol of the village and its spiritual focal point.
Pol Sgt Maj Nikorn Huanhong of the 34th Border Patrol Police Command in Tak discovered Ban Letongkhu village during a foot patrol in 1986. The village was sparsely populated at the time. The villagers could not speak Thai and the border patrol police had to use sign language to communicate with them.
Border police set up a small outpost on a hill near the village to secure the border and foster ties with the Karen.
Then in 1990, the border patrol police set up a school in the village. Police officers double as teachers at the school where there are no professionals.
The police share their food and medicine with the villagers who live in desolation, hounded by constant threats to life from diseases and an acute lack of basic healthcare.
It fell to the police to also act as doctors. They were taught to diagnose malaria and prescribe patients with the medicinal cures.
Senior villagers were the first to attend Thai language class conducted by the police. Since then, Karen children have been learning Thai and students from the first class more than 20 years ago are now village heads, deputies and community leaders.
Baiso Khiridutjinda, head of Ban Letongkhu, said the community was completely cut off for decades. It was as close to a primitive settlement as anyone could imagine without electricity or tap water.
Baiso Khiridutjinda, head of Ban Letongkhu, in half traditional-half official village head uniform.
However, the air and water were clean and drought was never a problem.
As time went by, the border police brought development projects to the village. Villagers now receive electricity from solar-cell generators which helped introduce radios, refrigerators, television and satellite dishes to the community.
The people stay abreast of developments in the outside world through satellite television but their village remains remote and difficult to reach.
New Year’s Day for the people of Ban Letongkhu village falls on the same day as Makha Bucha Day, the full moon day of the third lunar month, usually in February. This year, however, the villagers celebrated their New Year on March 7.
On that day, villagers organized a bathing ceremony for their hermits and paid respects to their places of worship in the living quarters of the hermits.
The villagers brought food, sweets and fruits but not a single meat dish could be found.
Apart from being vegetarians, Karen people of Ban Letongkhu village refrain from intoxicants and gambling although some of them smoke cigarettes and enjoy the habit of chewing areca nuts.
They practice monogamy and can only remarry one year after the death of their spouse.
The hermit-prescribed code of conduct bars men and boys from indulging in an ”unbecoming” lifestyle that endangers their customs, such as wearing T-shirts and trousers. They must wear long-sleeved shirts and plain coloured wrap-arounds. Female villagers who are single don white Karen clothes while married women wear typical coloured Karen-style dresses.
Visitors to Ban Letongkhu village include journalists who are keen to document and film the lifestyle of the villagers as modern development is expected to push its way in if and when tourism knocks on their doors.
At the same time, the village may become a gateway for border trade as Myanmar looks to promote peace with ethnic groups.
Writer: Phongthai Wattanavanitvut

News
Google’s Search Dominance Is Unwinding, But Still Accounting 48% Search Revenue

Google is so closely associated with its key product that its name is a verb that signifies “search.” However, Google’s dominance in that sector is dwindling.
According to eMarketer, Google will lose control of the US search industry for the first time in decades next year.
Google will remain the dominant search player, accounting for 48% of American search advertising revenue. And, remarkably, Google is still increasing its sales in the field, despite being the dominating player in search since the early days of the George W. Bush administration. However, Amazon is growing at a quicker rate.
Google’s Search Dominance Is Unwinding
Amazon will hold over a quarter of US search ad dollars next year, rising to 27% by 2026, while Google will fall even more, according to eMarketer.
The Wall Street Journal was first to report on the forecast.
Lest you think you’ll have to switch to Bing or Yahoo, this isn’t the end of Google or anything really near.
Google is the fourth-most valued public firm in the world. Its market worth is $2.1 trillion, trailing just Apple, Microsoft, and the AI chip darling Nvidia. It also maintains its dominance in other industries, such as display advertisements, where it dominates alongside Facebook’s parent firm Meta, and video ads on YouTube.
To put those “other” firms in context, each is worth more than Delta Air Lines’ total market value. So, yeah, Google is not going anywhere.
Nonetheless, Google faces numerous dangers to its operations, particularly from antitrust regulators.
On Monday, a federal judge in San Francisco ruled that Google must open up its Google Play Store to competitors, dealing a significant blow to the firm in its long-running battle with Fortnite creator Epic Games. Google announced that it would appeal the verdict.
In August, a federal judge ruled that Google has an illegal monopoly on search. That verdict could lead to the dissolution of the company’s search operation. Another antitrust lawsuit filed last month accuses Google of abusing its dominance in the online advertising business.
Meanwhile, European regulators have compelled Google to follow tough new standards, which have resulted in multiple $1 billion-plus fines.

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Google’s Search Dominance Is Unwinding
On top of that, the marketplace is becoming more difficult on its own.
TikTok, the fastest-growing social network, is expanding into the search market. And Amazon has accomplished something few other digital titans have done to date: it has established a habit.
When you want to buy anything, you usually go to Amazon, not Google. Amazon then buys adverts to push companies’ products to the top of your search results, increasing sales and earning Amazon a greater portion of the revenue. According to eMarketer, it is expected to generate $27.8 billion in search revenue in the United States next year, trailing only Google’s $62.9 billion total.
And then there’s AI, the technology that (supposedly) will change everything.
Why search in stilted language for “kendall jenner why bad bunny breakup” or “police moving violation driver rights no stop sign” when you can just ask OpenAI’s ChatGPT, “What’s going on with Kendall Jenner and Bad Bunny?” in “I need help fighting a moving violation involving a stop sign that wasn’t visible.” Google is working on exactly this technology with its Gemini product, but its success is far from guaranteed, especially with Apple collaborating with OpenAI and other businesses rapidly joining the market.
A Google spokeswoman referred to a blog post from last week in which the company unveiled ads in its AI overviews (the AI-generated text that appears at the top of search results). It’s Google’s way of expressing its ability to profit on a changing marketplace while retaining its business, even as its consumers steadily transition to ask-and-answer AI and away from search.
Google has long used a single catchphrase to defend itself against opponents who claim it is a monopoly abusing its power: competition is only a click away. Until recently, that seemed comically obtuse. Really? We are going to switch to Bing? Or Duck Duck Go? Give me a break.
But today, it feels more like reality.
Google is in no danger of disappearing. However, every highly dominating company faces some type of reckoning over time. GE, a Dow mainstay for more than a century, was broken up last year and is now a shell of its previous dominance. Sears declared bankruptcy in 2022 and is virtually out of business. US Steel, long the foundation of American manufacturing, is attempting to sell itself to a Japanese corporation.
SOURCE | CNN
News
The Supreme Court Turns Down Biden’s Government Appeal in a Texas Emergency Abortion Matter.

(VOR News) – A ruling that prohibits emergency abortions that contravene the Supreme Court law in the state of Texas, which has one of the most stringent abortion restrictions in the country, has been upheld by the Supreme Court of the United States. The United States Supreme Court upheld this decision.
The justices did not provide any specifics regarding the underlying reasons for their decision to uphold an order from a lower court that declared hospitals cannot be legally obligated to administer abortions if doing so would violate the law in the state of Texas.
Institutions are not required to perform abortions, as stipulated in the decree. The common populace did not investigate any opposing viewpoints. The decision was made just weeks before a presidential election that brought abortion to the forefront of the political agenda.
This decision follows the 2022 Supreme Court ruling that ended abortion nationwide.
In response to a request from the administration of Vice President Joe Biden to overturn the lower court’s decision, the justices expressed their disapproval.
The government contends that hospitals are obligated to perform abortions in compliance with federal legislation when the health or life of an expectant patient is in an exceedingly precarious condition.
This is the case in regions where the procedure is prohibited. The difficulty hospitals in Texas and other states are experiencing in determining whether or not routine care could be in violation of stringent state laws that prohibit abortion has resulted in an increase in the number of complaints concerning pregnant women who are experiencing medical distress being turned away from emergency rooms.
The administration cited the Supreme Court’s ruling in a case that bore a striking resemblance to the one that was presented to it in Idaho at the beginning of the year. The justices took a limited decision in that case to allow the continuation of emergency abortions without interruption while a lawsuit was still being heard.
In contrast, Texas has been a vocal proponent of the injunction’s continued enforcement. Texas has argued that its circumstances are distinct from those of Idaho, as the state does have an exemption for situations that pose a significant hazard to the health of an expectant patient.
According to the state, the discrepancy is the result of this exemption. The state of Idaho had a provision that safeguarded a woman’s life when the issue was first broached; however, it did not include protection for her health.
Certified medical practitioners are not obligated to wait until a woman’s life is in imminent peril before they are legally permitted to perform an abortion, as determined by the state supreme court.
The state of Texas highlighted this to the Supreme Court.
Nevertheless, medical professionals have criticized the Texas statute as being perilously ambiguous, and a medical board has declined to provide a list of all the disorders that are eligible for an exception. Furthermore, the statute has been criticized for its hazardous ambiguity.
For an extended period, termination of pregnancies has been a standard procedure in medical treatment for individuals who have been experiencing significant issues. It is implemented in this manner to prevent catastrophic outcomes, such as sepsis, organ failure, and other severe scenarios.
Nevertheless, medical professionals and hospitals in Texas and other states with strict abortion laws have noted that it is uncertain whether or not these terminations could be in violation of abortion prohibitions that include the possibility of a prison sentence. This is the case in regions where abortion prohibitions are exceedingly restrictive.
Following the Supreme Court’s decision to overturn Roe v. Wade, which resulted in restrictions on the rights of women to have abortions in several Republican-ruled states, the Texas case was revisited in 2022.
As per the orders that were disclosed by the administration of Vice President Joe Biden, hospitals are still required to provide abortions in cases that are classified as dire emergency.
As stipulated in a piece of health care legislation, the majority of hospitals are obligated to provide medical assistance to patients who are experiencing medical distress. This is in accordance with the law.
The state of Texas maintained that hospitals should not be obligated to provide abortions throughout the litigation, as doing so would violate the state’s constitutional prohibition on abortions. In its January judgment, the 5th United States Circuit Court of Appeals concurred with the state and acknowledged that the administration had exceeded its authority.
SOURCE: AP
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Supreme Court Rejects Appeal From ‘Pharma Bro’ Martin Shkreli, To repay $6.4 Million

Washington — The Supreme Court rejected Martin Shkreli’s appeal on Monday, after he was branded “Pharma Bro” for raising the price of a lifesaving prescription.
Martin appealed a decision to repay $64.6 million in profits he and his former company earned after monopolizing the pharmaceutical market and dramatically raising its price. His lawyers claimed the money went to his company rather than him personally.
The justices did not explain their reasoning, as is customary, and there were no notable dissents.
Prosecutors, conversely, claimed that the firm had promised to pay $40 million in a settlement and that because Martin orchestrated the plan, he should be held accountable for returning profits.
Supreme Court Rejects Appeal From ‘Pharma Bro’ Martin Shkreli
Martin was also forced to forfeit the Wu-Tang Clan’s unreleased album “Once Upon a Time in Shaolin,” which has been dubbed the world’s rarest musical album. The multiplatinum hip-hop group auctioned off a single copy of the record in 2015, stipulating that it not be used commercially.
Shkreli was convicted of lying to investors and defrauding them of millions of dollars in two unsuccessful hedge funds he managed. Shkreli was the CEO of Turing Pharmaceuticals (later Vyera), which hiked the price of Daraprim from $13.50 to $750 per pill after acquiring exclusive rights to the decades-old medicine in 2015. It cures a rare parasite condition that affects pregnant women, cancer patients, and HIV patients.
He defended the choice as an example of capitalism in action, claiming that insurance and other programs ensured that those in need of Daraprim would eventually receive it. However, the move prompted criticism, from the medical community to Congress.
Supreme Court Rejects Appeal From ‘Pharma Bro’ Martin Shkreli
Attorney Thomas Huff said the Supreme Court’s Monday ruling was upsetting, but the high court could still overturn a lower court judgment that allowed the $64 million penalty order even though Shkreli had not personally received the money.
“If and when the Supreme Court does so, Mr. Shkreli will have a strong argument for modifying the order accordingly,” he told reporters.
Shkreli was freed from prison in 2022 after serving most of his seven-year sentence.
SOURCE | AP
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