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Excessive Daytime Sleepiness Treatment in 2022

Excessive Daytime Sleepiness

Excessive Daytime Sleepiness (EDS) is a condition where a person falls asleep during the daytime, sometimes during a meal or even in the middle of a conversation. EDS is different from the feeling of excessive tiredness. An individual may diagnose with hypersomnia if they fall asleep:

  • Despite taking regular naps during the day
  • While eating or talking
  • Despite having long hours of sleep at night
  • Causes of Excessive Daytime Sleepiness

Not sleeping enough remains the common cause of Excessive Daytime Sleepiness. Besides, it also makes sense when you work at night and sleep during the day. However, dozing off in the middle of a conversation or struggling to stay awake despite sleeping the whole night may indicate an underlying condition. Some common problems behind EDS are depression, restless legs syndrome, sleep apnea, and narcolepsy. Some other causes behind EDS include obesity, lack of physical activity, and consumption of certain medications, recreational drugs, alcohol or cigarette.

Over the years, we have seen major advancements in medicine, therapies and natural remedies to cure EDS. However, unless you are diagnosed with a condition behind your EDS, you should abstain from taking some medication. It’s always better to seek out professional help and diagnose the underlying cause of your EDS.

Excessive Daytime Sleepiness Treatment

We have mentioned the common causes of EDS and the best treatment you can get in 2022.

Narcolepsy

It is a neurological disorder where one loses the ability to regulate their sleep cycles. You will probably sleep the same hours per day as others but in small intervals. As a result, your sleep quality will decrease, causing intense fatigue and weakness. Some people may experience a sudden body collapse (cataplexy) lasting from seconds to minutes. Such sudden episodes are often triggered by emotions or fatigue.

Treatment for Narcolepsy

Diet: If you have severe narcolepsy, your body may be producing a lower amount of Hyprocretin- a hormone that keeps you alert. Hypocretin can be found in many foods such as green leafy vegetables, sourdough bread, fermented vegetables, salmon and foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids.

Activity: Try to wake up every morning and enjoy the sun’s rays. The sunrays stimulate Vitamin D production in your body, which will help you stay active and fresh. Try to incorporate regular exercise and physical activity 3 hours before your bedtime as it helps you rest better at night.

Medication: Drugs like Modafinil 200mg and Armodafinil are some common drugs your doctor may prescribe you for EDS.

If you are suffering from narcolepsy with cataplexy, hallucinations, or sleep paralysis, your doctor may suggest antidepressants such as Tricyclics or serotonin reuptake inhibitors.

Hypersomnia

Doctors describe hypersomnia as excessive tiredness or sleepiness resulting from depression, epilepsy or Parkinson’s disease. However, the reason behind excessive sleepiness remains unknown. This condition is known as Idiopathic Hypersomnia (IH).

Treatments for Hypersomnia

Hypersomnia can be treated by medications and supplements like calcium, magnesium, potassium and sodium oxybates. These medications work their way through dopamine, promoting alertness and wakefulness.

These medicines are commonly known as “wake-promoting” medicines for treating IH, narcolepsy and other similar disorders.

Generally, they fall under three categories:

Stimulants: They include derivatives of Amphetamine such as dextroamphetamine (Dexedrine), methamphetamine (Desoxyn) and methylphenidate (Ritalin). While they are very effective, doctors usually don’t prescribe them unless they run out of other options. People taking stimulants may experience more side effects, including severe dependence and heart problems.

Non-stimulants: Caffeine pills are often marketed as wake-promoting drugs. Even though these pills may boost energy, they often come with side effects such as headaches, shakiness and increased heart rate.

Caffeine can impact your circadian rhythm when taken excessively, making sleep more difficult at night. Besides, you will often have a caffeine crash feeling even more tired and irritated once the caffeine wears off from your body.

Medications such as Armodafinil and Modafinil are considered safer than stimulants showing no sign of dependency or severe side effects among users. You can also try other medications such as pitolisant and solriamfetol.

Sodium Oxybate is also a medication that promotes deep sleep at night, cutting down your daytime sleepiness.

On top of that, your doctor may prescribe you additional medications such as sedatives and antidepressants if you are diagnosed with ADHD or depression. Besides, you should also improve your sleep habits, diet and lifestyle.

Sleep Apnea

Sleep Apnea is caused by the collapse of the upper airway while you are sleeping. It can occur several times at night and lasts up to 10 seconds. In Obstructive Sleep Apnea, your airway gets blocked when you sleep, pushing you to wake up. Meanwhile, in Central Sleep Apnea, your brain stops sending signals to your muscles that control breathing. During sleep apnea, you may show symptoms of snoring or may wake up in the middle of the night gasping for air.

Due to frequent interruptions in your nighttime sleep, you may feel extremely sleepy and tired during the daytime. Sleep apnea is associated with various medical conditions like high blood pressure, heart disease, diabetes, depression, elevated hemoglobin and fatigue.

Treatment for Sleep Apnea

Some common treatments for sleep apnea include:

Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP): A nasal device attached to a machine keeps your airway open.

Oral Appliance Therapy: Your doctor may ask you to use devices to move your tongue, lower jaw or soft palate forward to open up the airway.

Medicine: Medications like Modalert 200 and Waklert 150mg can help relieve the sleepiness of people who do not respond well to CPAP.

People with obesity often show signs of excessive sleepiness and sleep apnea, which usually goes away by losing weight. If none of the above works, then surgery is your last resort.

Atypical Depression

Depression can be classified as typical depression and atypical depression. Unlike typical depression, people with atypical depression can experience hypersomnia triggered by an event. People with atypical depression often show sign of increased appetite, weight gain, and high sensitivity towards social interactions. They feel a constant weight on their limbs; draining away their energy and making them fall asleep.

Treatment for Atypical Depression

Doctors will likely recommend psychotherapy and medications to treat atypical depression based on the severity of the symptoms.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT):  This involves targeting the thoughts that trigger the depression and behaviour of a person. It should be done under the supervision of a licensed mental healthcare professional, psychologist or psychiatrist.

Medications: Doctors may prescribe antidepressants, mood-stabilizers or lithium for treating depression caused by bipolar disorder.

Diet: Patients may have to limit their caffeine intake and alcohol.

Restless Legs Syndrome

Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS) refers to a condition where a person feels unpleasant sensations in their legs, creating an urge to move them continuously. It can also be characterized by jerky leg movements that occur every 20-30 seconds, predominantly at night. RLS often gets worse when you are sleeping or resting, which interrupts your sleep pattern and causes excessive sleepiness during the daytime. It is often confused with insomnia, but both are completely different and have separate treatments.

Treatment for Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS)

Supplements: Taking iron, Vitamin B12, or folate supplements may help with RLS.

Diet and Lifestyle Changes: Try avoiding nicotine, caffeine and alcohol. Besides eating healthy and exercising regularly, you should also try relaxation techniques such as massage and hot baths.

If none of the steps above works, then you can try some medications to treat your Restless Legs Syndrome:

Anti-seizure drugs: Drugs such as Valproate, Carbamazepine and Gabapentin can help. A new drug in the market named Gabapentin enacarbil that you can inquire more about with your doctor.

Anti-Parkinson Drugs: Drugs used for treating Parkinson’s such as carbidopa, levodopa, pergolide, pramipexole and ropinirole can also help treat excessive daytime sleepiness caused by restless legs syndrome.

In extreme RLS cases, your doctor may prescribe benzodiazepines (clonazepam, diazepam, lorazepam or temazepam) and opiates (codeine, oxycodone, and methadone).

Insomnia

Insomnia is characterized by a condition where people find it extremely difficult to fall or stay asleep. Its effect can be temporary or long-lasting and can worsen due to stress, irregular sleeping habits, ADHD, mental illness, dementia, apnea, or restless legs syndrome. Consumption of alcohol, nicotine, caffeine and certain medications can further aggravate the condition.

Treatments for Insomnia

Insomnia can be controlled or treated through:

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): It involves a process where psychologists train you to replace your sleep-related worries with healthier beliefs.

Modifying Sleep Habits: You may schedule your sleep timing, ensuring to go to bed and wake up at the same time every day. Eliminate all kinds of distractions such as light, noise, and screen time. You should also limit your caffeine and alcohol intake.

Medication: There are medicines that your doctor may prescribe you such as Benziodiazepines, non-benzodiazepines, melatonin agonists, or orexin receptor agonists.

Conclusion

If your excessive daytime sleepiness is caused by improper night sleep, you can go for natural options like chamomile, kava or lavender tea. Meanwhile, if you need a wake-promoting drug that gives you the boost without causing any dependence or bad side effects, then you may ask for Modalert and Waklert.

 

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Google’s Search Dominance Is Unwinding, But Still Accounting 48% Search Revenue

Google

Google is so closely associated with its key product that its name is a verb that signifies “search.” However, Google’s dominance in that sector is dwindling.

According to eMarketer, Google will lose control of the US search industry for the first time in decades next year.

Google will remain the dominant search player, accounting for 48% of American search advertising revenue. And, remarkably, Google is still increasing its sales in the field, despite being the dominating player in search since the early days of the George W. Bush administration. However, Amazon is growing at a quicker rate.

google

Google’s Search Dominance Is Unwinding

Amazon will hold over a quarter of US search ad dollars next year, rising to 27% by 2026, while Google will fall even more, according to eMarketer.

The Wall Street Journal was first to report on the forecast.

Lest you think you’ll have to switch to Bing or Yahoo, this isn’t the end of Google or anything really near.

Google is the fourth-most valued public firm in the world. Its market worth is $2.1 trillion, trailing just Apple, Microsoft, and the AI chip darling Nvidia. It also maintains its dominance in other industries, such as display advertisements, where it dominates alongside Facebook’s parent firm Meta, and video ads on YouTube.

To put those “other” firms in context, each is worth more than Delta Air Lines’ total market value. So, yeah, Google is not going anywhere.

Nonetheless, Google faces numerous dangers to its operations, particularly from antitrust regulators.

On Monday, a federal judge in San Francisco ruled that Google must open up its Google Play Store to competitors, dealing a significant blow to the firm in its long-running battle with Fortnite creator Epic Games. Google announced that it would appeal the verdict.

In August, a federal judge ruled that Google has an illegal monopoly on search. That verdict could lead to the dissolution of the company’s search operation. Another antitrust lawsuit filed last month accuses Google of abusing its dominance in the online advertising business.

Meanwhile, European regulators have compelled Google to follow tough new standards, which have resulted in multiple $1 billion-plus fines.

google

Pixa Bay

Google’s Search Dominance Is Unwinding

On top of that, the marketplace is becoming more difficult on its own.

TikTok, the fastest-growing social network, is expanding into the search market. And Amazon has accomplished something few other digital titans have done to date: it has established a habit.

When you want to buy anything, you usually go to Amazon, not Google. Amazon then buys adverts to push companies’ products to the top of your search results, increasing sales and earning Amazon a greater portion of the revenue. According to eMarketer, it is expected to generate $27.8 billion in search revenue in the United States next year, trailing only Google’s $62.9 billion total.

And then there’s AI, the technology that (supposedly) will change everything.

Why search in stilted language for “kendall jenner why bad bunny breakup” or “police moving violation driver rights no stop sign” when you can just ask OpenAI’s ChatGPT, “What’s going on with Kendall Jenner and Bad Bunny?” in “I need help fighting a moving violation involving a stop sign that wasn’t visible.” Google is working on exactly this technology with its Gemini product, but its success is far from guaranteed, especially with Apple collaborating with OpenAI and other businesses rapidly joining the market.

A Google spokeswoman referred to a blog post from last week in which the company unveiled ads in its AI overviews (the AI-generated text that appears at the top of search results). It’s Google’s way of expressing its ability to profit on a changing marketplace while retaining its business, even as its consumers steadily transition to ask-and-answer AI and away from search.

google

Google has long used a single catchphrase to defend itself against opponents who claim it is a monopoly abusing its power: competition is only a click away. Until recently, that seemed comically obtuse. Really? We are going to switch to Bing? Or Duck Duck Go? Give me a break.

But today, it feels more like reality.

Google is in no danger of disappearing. However, every highly dominating company faces some type of reckoning over time. GE, a Dow mainstay for more than a century, was broken up last year and is now a shell of its previous dominance. Sears declared bankruptcy in 2022 and is virtually out of business. US Steel, long the foundation of American manufacturing, is attempting to sell itself to a Japanese corporation.

Could we remember Google in the same way that we remember Yahoo or Ask Jeeves in decades? These next few years could be significant.

SOURCE | CNN

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The Supreme Court Turns Down Biden’s Government Appeal in a Texas Emergency Abortion Matter.

Supreme Court

(VOR News) – A ruling that prohibits emergency abortions that contravene the Supreme Court law in the state of Texas, which has one of the most stringent abortion restrictions in the country, has been upheld by the Supreme Court of the United States. The United States Supreme Court upheld this decision.

The justices did not provide any specifics regarding the underlying reasons for their decision to uphold an order from a lower court that declared hospitals cannot be legally obligated to administer abortions if doing so would violate the law in the state of Texas.

Institutions are not required to perform abortions, as stipulated in the decree. The common populace did not investigate any opposing viewpoints. The decision was made just weeks before a presidential election that brought abortion to the forefront of the political agenda.

This decision follows the 2022 Supreme Court ruling that ended abortion nationwide.

In response to a request from the administration of Vice President Joe Biden to overturn the lower court’s decision, the justices expressed their disapproval.

The government contends that hospitals are obligated to perform abortions in compliance with federal legislation when the health or life of an expectant patient is in an exceedingly precarious condition.

This is the case in regions where the procedure is prohibited. The difficulty hospitals in Texas and other states are experiencing in determining whether or not routine care could be in violation of stringent state laws that prohibit abortion has resulted in an increase in the number of complaints concerning pregnant women who are experiencing medical distress being turned away from emergency rooms.

The administration cited the Supreme Court’s ruling in a case that bore a striking resemblance to the one that was presented to it in Idaho at the beginning of the year. The justices took a limited decision in that case to allow the continuation of emergency abortions without interruption while a lawsuit was still being heard.

In contrast, Texas has been a vocal proponent of the injunction’s continued enforcement. Texas has argued that its circumstances are distinct from those of Idaho, as the state does have an exemption for situations that pose a significant hazard to the health of an expectant patient.

According to the state, the discrepancy is the result of this exemption. The state of Idaho had a provision that safeguarded a woman’s life when the issue was first broached; however, it did not include protection for her health.

Certified medical practitioners are not obligated to wait until a woman’s life is in imminent peril before they are legally permitted to perform an abortion, as determined by the state supreme court.

The state of Texas highlighted this to the Supreme Court.

Nevertheless, medical professionals have criticized the Texas statute as being perilously ambiguous, and a medical board has declined to provide a list of all the disorders that are eligible for an exception. Furthermore, the statute has been criticized for its hazardous ambiguity.

For an extended period, termination of pregnancies has been a standard procedure in medical treatment for individuals who have been experiencing significant issues. It is implemented in this manner to prevent catastrophic outcomes, such as sepsis, organ failure, and other severe scenarios.

Nevertheless, medical professionals and hospitals in Texas and other states with strict abortion laws have noted that it is uncertain whether or not these terminations could be in violation of abortion prohibitions that include the possibility of a prison sentence. This is the case in regions where abortion prohibitions are exceedingly restrictive.

Following the Supreme Court’s decision to overturn Roe v. Wade, which resulted in restrictions on the rights of women to have abortions in several Republican-ruled states, the Texas case was revisited in 2022.

As per the orders that were disclosed by the administration of Vice President Joe Biden, hospitals are still required to provide abortions in cases that are classified as dire emergency.

As stipulated in a piece of health care legislation, the majority of hospitals are obligated to provide medical assistance to patients who are experiencing medical distress. This is in accordance with the law.

The state of Texas maintained that hospitals should not be obligated to provide abortions throughout the litigation, as doing so would violate the state’s constitutional prohibition on abortions. In its January judgment, the 5th United States Circuit Court of Appeals concurred with the state and acknowledged that the administration had exceeded its authority.

SOURCE: AP

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Supreme Court Rejects Appeal From ‘Pharma Bro’ Martin Shkreli, To repay $6.4 Million

shkreli

Washington — The Supreme Court rejected Martin Shkreli’s appeal on Monday, after he was branded “Pharma Bro” for raising the price of a lifesaving prescription.

Martin appealed a decision to repay $64.6 million in profits he and his former company earned after monopolizing the pharmaceutical market and dramatically raising its price. His lawyers claimed the money went to his company rather than him personally.

The justices did not explain their reasoning, as is customary, and there were no notable dissents.

Prosecutors, conversely, claimed that the firm had promised to pay $40 million in a settlement and that because Martin orchestrated the plan, he should be held accountable for returning profits.

shkreli

Supreme Court Rejects Appeal From ‘Pharma Bro’ Martin Shkreli

Martin was also forced to forfeit the Wu-Tang Clan’s unreleased album “Once Upon a Time in Shaolin,” which has been dubbed the world’s rarest musical album. The multiplatinum hip-hop group auctioned off a single copy of the record in 2015, stipulating that it not be used commercially.

Shkreli was convicted of lying to investors and defrauding them of millions of dollars in two unsuccessful hedge funds he managed. Shkreli was the CEO of Turing Pharmaceuticals (later Vyera), which hiked the price of Daraprim from $13.50 to $750 per pill after acquiring exclusive rights to the decades-old medicine in 2015. It cures a rare parasite condition that affects pregnant women, cancer patients, and HIV patients.

shkreli

He defended the choice as an example of capitalism in action, claiming that insurance and other programs ensured that those in need of Daraprim would eventually receive it. However, the move prompted criticism, from the medical community to Congress.

shkreli

Supreme Court Rejects Appeal From ‘Pharma Bro’ Martin Shkreli

Attorney Thomas Huff said the Supreme Court’s Monday ruling was upsetting, but the high court could still overturn a lower court judgment that allowed the $64 million penalty order even though Shkreli had not personally received the money.

“If and when the Supreme Court does so, Mr. Shkreli will have a strong argument for modifying the order accordingly,” he told reporters.

Shkreli was freed from prison in 2022 after serving most of his seven-year sentence.

SOURCE | AP

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