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India’s Outdated Blood Donation Policies Exclude LGBTQ+ Donors Despite Urgent Need

(CTN NEWS) – When his mother fell ill, Karan, a 25-year-old gay man from New Delhi, faced a heart-wrenching dilemma.
He rushed to donate blood, the only member of his family with a matching blood type. But as he filled out the mandatory donor form, he realized he would be turned away solely because of his sexuality.
In a desperate moment, Karan chose to conceal his identity, potentially risking prosecution.
“I was … scared of being caught (but) at that time, the only thing that mattered to me was my mother,” Karan, whose full name is withheld for his protection, explained.
“It was only later that I realized it was so dehumanizing, harmful to my dignity, and a breach of my privacy as a queer person in this country.”
Outdated Blood Donation Policies in India: A Persistent Barrier to Equality
India’s current blood donation laws prohibit transgender individuals, gay and bisexual men, and female sex workers from donating blood. These restrictions persist despite acute blood shortages in the country and a global shift away from LGBTQ+ blood bans.
These rules date back to the HIV/AIDS crisis of the 1980s, with the assumption that these groups are at higher risk for the virus, despite all donated blood being rigorously screened for HIV.
According to UNAIDS, an estimated 2.5 million people live with HIV in India. Among transgender individuals, 3.8% are living with the virus, and 3.3% of men who have sex with men are HIV-positive.
Critics argue that these policies, excluding LGBTQ+ individuals, are based on fear and discrimination rather than sound medical science. They are calling on the government to follow the example of other countries and abolish the ban.
“The government argues on the basis of sexual behavior of the community, but that puts all transgender people under the same blanket, and that’s not okay,” says Santa Khurai, a transgender activist from Manipur, who challenged the blood donation policy’s constitutionality in 2021.
Khurai’s case is still pending in the Supreme Court, where the government has defended its guidelines, claiming they are based on scientific fact.
Silent Institutions Amidst a Global Shift: India’s Stance on LGBTQ+ Blood Donation
India’s Health Ministry, the National AIDS Control Organisation (NACO), and the National Blood Transfusion Council (NBTC), which oversee blood donation, have not responded to requests for comment.
This issue puts India at odds with the global trend of scrapping restrictions on LGBTQ+ blood donors.
This year, the US Food and Drug Administration lifted curbs on gay and bisexual men donating blood, following similar measures in Canada, France, Greece, Britain, and Germany.
The devastating impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in India underscored the urgent need for reform.
“Several queer people struggled to get donors from their community due to the ban,” said Aqsa Shaikh, associate professor of community medicine at Hamdard Institute of Medical Science and Research.
Shaikh, who identifies as transgender, argues that it is both unscientific and illogical to ban all transgender individuals from donating blood, especially when they may not engage in higher-risk activities like sex work or penetrative sex.
Because of India’s blood shortages, many patients must rely on family members for donations.
LGBTQ+ individuals, often estranged from their families due to their sexuality or gender identity, find it impossible to receive donations from their partners or friends within the community.
Challenging Discrimination: The Dilemma of LGBTQ+ Blood Donation in India
Rohin Bhatt, a Delhi-based lawyer and bioethicist who identifies as non-binary queer, was unable to donate blood and plasma for his friend’s husband in 2021, despite regular testing for sexually transmitted infections.
“The government’s policy can’t be to marginalize and impose a blanket ban but to improve their testing policies for blood donors. I am not a disease vector,” said Bhatt.
India already mandates testing every unit of donated blood for HIV/AIDS, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, syphilis, and malaria. Public health researcher Anant Bhan argues that the current policy of excluding LGBTQ+ donors is misguided.
“Inclusivity should be a key element of government health programs, and can focus on individualized risk assessment rather than a blanket one based on gender identity,” he says.
If India’s Supreme Court legalizes same-sex marriage in an ongoing case, the blood donation rules would appear even more outdated, according to campaigners.
“If same-sex marriage is legalized, what happens when a married gay man needs blood to save his life? His partner won’t be able to donate blood because of these guidelines,” said Khurai.
Critics argue that this issue illustrates the persistent discrimination faced by LGBTQ+ people in India, even five years after the country decriminalized homosexuality by abolishing part of Section 377, a law introduced by India’s former British colonial rulers that had stood for almost 160 years.
“This ban is discriminatory,” says Bhan. “(It) also precludes their ability to donate blood, which is an essential life-saving resource.”
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Google’s Search Dominance Is Unwinding, But Still Accounting 48% Search Revenue

Google is so closely associated with its key product that its name is a verb that signifies “search.” However, Google’s dominance in that sector is dwindling.
According to eMarketer, Google will lose control of the US search industry for the first time in decades next year.
Google will remain the dominant search player, accounting for 48% of American search advertising revenue. And, remarkably, Google is still increasing its sales in the field, despite being the dominating player in search since the early days of the George W. Bush administration. However, Amazon is growing at a quicker rate.
Google’s Search Dominance Is Unwinding
Amazon will hold over a quarter of US search ad dollars next year, rising to 27% by 2026, while Google will fall even more, according to eMarketer.
The Wall Street Journal was first to report on the forecast.
Lest you think you’ll have to switch to Bing or Yahoo, this isn’t the end of Google or anything really near.
Google is the fourth-most valued public firm in the world. Its market worth is $2.1 trillion, trailing just Apple, Microsoft, and the AI chip darling Nvidia. It also maintains its dominance in other industries, such as display advertisements, where it dominates alongside Facebook’s parent firm Meta, and video ads on YouTube.
To put those “other” firms in context, each is worth more than Delta Air Lines’ total market value. So, yeah, Google is not going anywhere.
Nonetheless, Google faces numerous dangers to its operations, particularly from antitrust regulators.
On Monday, a federal judge in San Francisco ruled that Google must open up its Google Play Store to competitors, dealing a significant blow to the firm in its long-running battle with Fortnite creator Epic Games. Google announced that it would appeal the verdict.
In August, a federal judge ruled that Google has an illegal monopoly on search. That verdict could lead to the dissolution of the company’s search operation. Another antitrust lawsuit filed last month accuses Google of abusing its dominance in the online advertising business.
Meanwhile, European regulators have compelled Google to follow tough new standards, which have resulted in multiple $1 billion-plus fines.

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Google’s Search Dominance Is Unwinding
On top of that, the marketplace is becoming more difficult on its own.
TikTok, the fastest-growing social network, is expanding into the search market. And Amazon has accomplished something few other digital titans have done to date: it has established a habit.
When you want to buy anything, you usually go to Amazon, not Google. Amazon then buys adverts to push companies’ products to the top of your search results, increasing sales and earning Amazon a greater portion of the revenue. According to eMarketer, it is expected to generate $27.8 billion in search revenue in the United States next year, trailing only Google’s $62.9 billion total.
And then there’s AI, the technology that (supposedly) will change everything.
Why search in stilted language for “kendall jenner why bad bunny breakup” or “police moving violation driver rights no stop sign” when you can just ask OpenAI’s ChatGPT, “What’s going on with Kendall Jenner and Bad Bunny?” in “I need help fighting a moving violation involving a stop sign that wasn’t visible.” Google is working on exactly this technology with its Gemini product, but its success is far from guaranteed, especially with Apple collaborating with OpenAI and other businesses rapidly joining the market.
A Google spokeswoman referred to a blog post from last week in which the company unveiled ads in its AI overviews (the AI-generated text that appears at the top of search results). It’s Google’s way of expressing its ability to profit on a changing marketplace while retaining its business, even as its consumers steadily transition to ask-and-answer AI and away from search.
Google has long used a single catchphrase to defend itself against opponents who claim it is a monopoly abusing its power: competition is only a click away. Until recently, that seemed comically obtuse. Really? We are going to switch to Bing? Or Duck Duck Go? Give me a break.
But today, it feels more like reality.
Google is in no danger of disappearing. However, every highly dominating company faces some type of reckoning over time. GE, a Dow mainstay for more than a century, was broken up last year and is now a shell of its previous dominance. Sears declared bankruptcy in 2022 and is virtually out of business. US Steel, long the foundation of American manufacturing, is attempting to sell itself to a Japanese corporation.
SOURCE | CNN
News
The Supreme Court Turns Down Biden’s Government Appeal in a Texas Emergency Abortion Matter.

(VOR News) – A ruling that prohibits emergency abortions that contravene the Supreme Court law in the state of Texas, which has one of the most stringent abortion restrictions in the country, has been upheld by the Supreme Court of the United States. The United States Supreme Court upheld this decision.
The justices did not provide any specifics regarding the underlying reasons for their decision to uphold an order from a lower court that declared hospitals cannot be legally obligated to administer abortions if doing so would violate the law in the state of Texas.
Institutions are not required to perform abortions, as stipulated in the decree. The common populace did not investigate any opposing viewpoints. The decision was made just weeks before a presidential election that brought abortion to the forefront of the political agenda.
This decision follows the 2022 Supreme Court ruling that ended abortion nationwide.
In response to a request from the administration of Vice President Joe Biden to overturn the lower court’s decision, the justices expressed their disapproval.
The government contends that hospitals are obligated to perform abortions in compliance with federal legislation when the health or life of an expectant patient is in an exceedingly precarious condition.
This is the case in regions where the procedure is prohibited. The difficulty hospitals in Texas and other states are experiencing in determining whether or not routine care could be in violation of stringent state laws that prohibit abortion has resulted in an increase in the number of complaints concerning pregnant women who are experiencing medical distress being turned away from emergency rooms.
The administration cited the Supreme Court’s ruling in a case that bore a striking resemblance to the one that was presented to it in Idaho at the beginning of the year. The justices took a limited decision in that case to allow the continuation of emergency abortions without interruption while a lawsuit was still being heard.
In contrast, Texas has been a vocal proponent of the injunction’s continued enforcement. Texas has argued that its circumstances are distinct from those of Idaho, as the state does have an exemption for situations that pose a significant hazard to the health of an expectant patient.
According to the state, the discrepancy is the result of this exemption. The state of Idaho had a provision that safeguarded a woman’s life when the issue was first broached; however, it did not include protection for her health.
Certified medical practitioners are not obligated to wait until a woman’s life is in imminent peril before they are legally permitted to perform an abortion, as determined by the state supreme court.
The state of Texas highlighted this to the Supreme Court.
Nevertheless, medical professionals have criticized the Texas statute as being perilously ambiguous, and a medical board has declined to provide a list of all the disorders that are eligible for an exception. Furthermore, the statute has been criticized for its hazardous ambiguity.
For an extended period, termination of pregnancies has been a standard procedure in medical treatment for individuals who have been experiencing significant issues. It is implemented in this manner to prevent catastrophic outcomes, such as sepsis, organ failure, and other severe scenarios.
Nevertheless, medical professionals and hospitals in Texas and other states with strict abortion laws have noted that it is uncertain whether or not these terminations could be in violation of abortion prohibitions that include the possibility of a prison sentence. This is the case in regions where abortion prohibitions are exceedingly restrictive.
Following the Supreme Court’s decision to overturn Roe v. Wade, which resulted in restrictions on the rights of women to have abortions in several Republican-ruled states, the Texas case was revisited in 2022.
As per the orders that were disclosed by the administration of Vice President Joe Biden, hospitals are still required to provide abortions in cases that are classified as dire emergency.
As stipulated in a piece of health care legislation, the majority of hospitals are obligated to provide medical assistance to patients who are experiencing medical distress. This is in accordance with the law.
The state of Texas maintained that hospitals should not be obligated to provide abortions throughout the litigation, as doing so would violate the state’s constitutional prohibition on abortions. In its January judgment, the 5th United States Circuit Court of Appeals concurred with the state and acknowledged that the administration had exceeded its authority.
SOURCE: AP
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Supreme Court Rejects Appeal From ‘Pharma Bro’ Martin Shkreli, To repay $6.4 Million

Washington — The Supreme Court rejected Martin Shkreli’s appeal on Monday, after he was branded “Pharma Bro” for raising the price of a lifesaving prescription.
Martin appealed a decision to repay $64.6 million in profits he and his former company earned after monopolizing the pharmaceutical market and dramatically raising its price. His lawyers claimed the money went to his company rather than him personally.
The justices did not explain their reasoning, as is customary, and there were no notable dissents.
Prosecutors, conversely, claimed that the firm had promised to pay $40 million in a settlement and that because Martin orchestrated the plan, he should be held accountable for returning profits.
Supreme Court Rejects Appeal From ‘Pharma Bro’ Martin Shkreli
Martin was also forced to forfeit the Wu-Tang Clan’s unreleased album “Once Upon a Time in Shaolin,” which has been dubbed the world’s rarest musical album. The multiplatinum hip-hop group auctioned off a single copy of the record in 2015, stipulating that it not be used commercially.
Shkreli was convicted of lying to investors and defrauding them of millions of dollars in two unsuccessful hedge funds he managed. Shkreli was the CEO of Turing Pharmaceuticals (later Vyera), which hiked the price of Daraprim from $13.50 to $750 per pill after acquiring exclusive rights to the decades-old medicine in 2015. It cures a rare parasite condition that affects pregnant women, cancer patients, and HIV patients.
He defended the choice as an example of capitalism in action, claiming that insurance and other programs ensured that those in need of Daraprim would eventually receive it. However, the move prompted criticism, from the medical community to Congress.
Supreme Court Rejects Appeal From ‘Pharma Bro’ Martin Shkreli
Attorney Thomas Huff said the Supreme Court’s Monday ruling was upsetting, but the high court could still overturn a lower court judgment that allowed the $64 million penalty order even though Shkreli had not personally received the money.
“If and when the Supreme Court does so, Mr. Shkreli will have a strong argument for modifying the order accordingly,” he told reporters.
Shkreli was freed from prison in 2022 after serving most of his seven-year sentence.
SOURCE | AP
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