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Iranian Women Face 10 Years In jail For inappropriate Dress After ‘hijab bill’ Approved

Iran

(CTN NEWS) – On Wednesday, Iran’s parliament approved a stringent new law that imposes harsher penalties on women found in violation of hijab regulations. This comes shortly after the one-year anniversary of widespread protests triggered by the tragic death of Mahsa Amini.

Mahsa Amini, a 22-year-old Kurdish-Iranian woman, passed away in September last year while in custody of the notorious morality police. She was allegedly detained for not adhering to Iran’s conservative dress code.

Referred to as the “hijab bill,” this legislation will be implemented as a trial measure for a duration of three years. It outlines various rules concerning clothing choices, with violations potentially resulting in sentences of up to 10 years in prison.

According to the bill, women who do not wear the hijab properly in public and men who wear clothing that exposes areas below the chest or above the ankles will face fines, with the penalties increasing for repeat offenses.

Additionally, the bill specifies consequences for celebrities and businesses that fail to adhere to these regulations.

It’s important to note that the Guardian Council, responsible for overseeing legislative affairs in the Islamic Republic, must grant approval for the bill before it can be enforced. Every bill passed by the parliament must undergo review and receive approval from the council to become law.

Ambiguities in the Legislation: Defining ‘Semi-Nakedness’ and Consequences for Violations

Certain aspects of the bill lack clarity. For instance, the legislation does not provide a clear definition of what constitutes “semi-naked” in public, a violation that carries a “fourth-degree” prison sentence.

Under the Iranian penal code, a fourth-degree penalty entails a prison term ranging from five to ten years, along with a fine ranging from 180 million rials ($4,260) to 360 million rials ($8,520).

Article 50 of the new law states, “Any individual who appears nude or semi-nude in public, public places, or on roads, or presents themselves in a manner traditionally deemed as nudity, will be subject to immediate arrest.”

Furthermore, individuals who collaborate with foreign media and governments to promote nudity, improper hijab, or inappropriate clothing may face imprisonment of up to 10 years, as stipulated in the new bill.

Additionally, those found guilty of mocking or insulting the hijab could be fined and potentially subjected to a travel ban lasting up to two years, as outlined in the legislation.

The bill also takes aim at individuals considered “socially influential.” If found guilty of violating the bill, they could be subject to the same fourth-degree prison sentence and may be required to pay fines ranging from 1% to 5% of their total assets.

The bill’s restrictions extend even to inanimate objects such as mannequins and toys, which are prohibited from being depicted in an indecent manner.

Criticism and Implications of the Controversial Hijab Legislation in Iran

This controversial legislation has faced strong criticism from numerous human rights advocates, with UN experts suggesting that it could amount to a form of “gender apartheid.”

The comprehensive 70-article draft law includes a range of proposals, including the use of artificial intelligence to identify women who do not adhere to the dress code.

Experts believe that the bill serves as a clear message to Iranians that the regime will not compromise on its stance regarding the hijab, despite the mass protests that took place last year.

The death of Mahsa Amini triggered nationwide demonstrations that shook the country and posed one of the most significant domestic challenges to Iran’s ruling clerical regime in over a decade.

Authorities responded forcefully to suppress the months-long movement, with widespread reports of deaths, disappearances, and instances of torture in detention.

Sanam Vakil, director of the Middle East and North Africa program at the Chatham House think-tank in London, noted that this bill represents a response to the protests from last fall.

She added that the establishment aims to reaffirm its authority regarding veiling requirements for women.

According to Iranian human rights lawyer Hossein Raeesi, who is also an adjunct professor at Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada, some of the measures outlined in the draft law have already been “unlawfully” enforced by Iranian security forces.

Enforcement and Implications of the New Hijab Legislation in Iran

For instance, they recently shut down an insurance company in Tehran due to social media images showing female employees without hijabs. Raeesi argues that this bill would essentially “legalize illegal behavior” by these forces.

While the morality police had largely scaled back their activities following last year’s protests, police spokesman General Saeed Montazerolmahdi announced in August that they would resume notifying and detaining women caught without Islamic headscarves in public.

The requirement for women to wear hijabs has been in place in Iran since 1983, following the overthrow of the country’s autocratic monarchy in the 1979 Islamic Revolution.

The new law significantly increases fines compared to the existing Islamic penal code, where dress code violations already result in prison sentences ranging from 10 days to two months, or fines ranging from 50,000 to 500,000 Iranian rials, equivalent to $1.18 to $11.82 today.

Under the new legislation, business owners who do not enforce the hijab requirement will face more substantial fines, potentially amounting to three months’ worth of their business profits, and could also face travel bans or restrictions on participating in public or online activities for up to two years.

Additionally, the draft law would mandate broader gender segregation in universities and other public spaces, which are often hotbeds of civil protests.

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Google’s Search Dominance Is Unwinding, But Still Accounting 48% Search Revenue

Google

Google is so closely associated with its key product that its name is a verb that signifies “search.” However, Google’s dominance in that sector is dwindling.

According to eMarketer, Google will lose control of the US search industry for the first time in decades next year.

Google will remain the dominant search player, accounting for 48% of American search advertising revenue. And, remarkably, Google is still increasing its sales in the field, despite being the dominating player in search since the early days of the George W. Bush administration. However, Amazon is growing at a quicker rate.

google

Google’s Search Dominance Is Unwinding

Amazon will hold over a quarter of US search ad dollars next year, rising to 27% by 2026, while Google will fall even more, according to eMarketer.

The Wall Street Journal was first to report on the forecast.

Lest you think you’ll have to switch to Bing or Yahoo, this isn’t the end of Google or anything really near.

Google is the fourth-most valued public firm in the world. Its market worth is $2.1 trillion, trailing just Apple, Microsoft, and the AI chip darling Nvidia. It also maintains its dominance in other industries, such as display advertisements, where it dominates alongside Facebook’s parent firm Meta, and video ads on YouTube.

To put those “other” firms in context, each is worth more than Delta Air Lines’ total market value. So, yeah, Google is not going anywhere.

Nonetheless, Google faces numerous dangers to its operations, particularly from antitrust regulators.

On Monday, a federal judge in San Francisco ruled that Google must open up its Google Play Store to competitors, dealing a significant blow to the firm in its long-running battle with Fortnite creator Epic Games. Google announced that it would appeal the verdict.

In August, a federal judge ruled that Google has an illegal monopoly on search. That verdict could lead to the dissolution of the company’s search operation. Another antitrust lawsuit filed last month accuses Google of abusing its dominance in the online advertising business.

Meanwhile, European regulators have compelled Google to follow tough new standards, which have resulted in multiple $1 billion-plus fines.

google

Pixa Bay

Google’s Search Dominance Is Unwinding

On top of that, the marketplace is becoming more difficult on its own.

TikTok, the fastest-growing social network, is expanding into the search market. And Amazon has accomplished something few other digital titans have done to date: it has established a habit.

When you want to buy anything, you usually go to Amazon, not Google. Amazon then buys adverts to push companies’ products to the top of your search results, increasing sales and earning Amazon a greater portion of the revenue. According to eMarketer, it is expected to generate $27.8 billion in search revenue in the United States next year, trailing only Google’s $62.9 billion total.

And then there’s AI, the technology that (supposedly) will change everything.

Why search in stilted language for “kendall jenner why bad bunny breakup” or “police moving violation driver rights no stop sign” when you can just ask OpenAI’s ChatGPT, “What’s going on with Kendall Jenner and Bad Bunny?” in “I need help fighting a moving violation involving a stop sign that wasn’t visible.” Google is working on exactly this technology with its Gemini product, but its success is far from guaranteed, especially with Apple collaborating with OpenAI and other businesses rapidly joining the market.

A Google spokeswoman referred to a blog post from last week in which the company unveiled ads in its AI overviews (the AI-generated text that appears at the top of search results). It’s Google’s way of expressing its ability to profit on a changing marketplace while retaining its business, even as its consumers steadily transition to ask-and-answer AI and away from search.

google

Google has long used a single catchphrase to defend itself against opponents who claim it is a monopoly abusing its power: competition is only a click away. Until recently, that seemed comically obtuse. Really? We are going to switch to Bing? Or Duck Duck Go? Give me a break.

But today, it feels more like reality.

Google is in no danger of disappearing. However, every highly dominating company faces some type of reckoning over time. GE, a Dow mainstay for more than a century, was broken up last year and is now a shell of its previous dominance. Sears declared bankruptcy in 2022 and is virtually out of business. US Steel, long the foundation of American manufacturing, is attempting to sell itself to a Japanese corporation.

Could we remember Google in the same way that we remember Yahoo or Ask Jeeves in decades? These next few years could be significant.

SOURCE | CNN

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The Supreme Court Turns Down Biden’s Government Appeal in a Texas Emergency Abortion Matter.

Supreme Court

(VOR News) – A ruling that prohibits emergency abortions that contravene the Supreme Court law in the state of Texas, which has one of the most stringent abortion restrictions in the country, has been upheld by the Supreme Court of the United States. The United States Supreme Court upheld this decision.

The justices did not provide any specifics regarding the underlying reasons for their decision to uphold an order from a lower court that declared hospitals cannot be legally obligated to administer abortions if doing so would violate the law in the state of Texas.

Institutions are not required to perform abortions, as stipulated in the decree. The common populace did not investigate any opposing viewpoints. The decision was made just weeks before a presidential election that brought abortion to the forefront of the political agenda.

This decision follows the 2022 Supreme Court ruling that ended abortion nationwide.

In response to a request from the administration of Vice President Joe Biden to overturn the lower court’s decision, the justices expressed their disapproval.

The government contends that hospitals are obligated to perform abortions in compliance with federal legislation when the health or life of an expectant patient is in an exceedingly precarious condition.

This is the case in regions where the procedure is prohibited. The difficulty hospitals in Texas and other states are experiencing in determining whether or not routine care could be in violation of stringent state laws that prohibit abortion has resulted in an increase in the number of complaints concerning pregnant women who are experiencing medical distress being turned away from emergency rooms.

The administration cited the Supreme Court’s ruling in a case that bore a striking resemblance to the one that was presented to it in Idaho at the beginning of the year. The justices took a limited decision in that case to allow the continuation of emergency abortions without interruption while a lawsuit was still being heard.

In contrast, Texas has been a vocal proponent of the injunction’s continued enforcement. Texas has argued that its circumstances are distinct from those of Idaho, as the state does have an exemption for situations that pose a significant hazard to the health of an expectant patient.

According to the state, the discrepancy is the result of this exemption. The state of Idaho had a provision that safeguarded a woman’s life when the issue was first broached; however, it did not include protection for her health.

Certified medical practitioners are not obligated to wait until a woman’s life is in imminent peril before they are legally permitted to perform an abortion, as determined by the state supreme court.

The state of Texas highlighted this to the Supreme Court.

Nevertheless, medical professionals have criticized the Texas statute as being perilously ambiguous, and a medical board has declined to provide a list of all the disorders that are eligible for an exception. Furthermore, the statute has been criticized for its hazardous ambiguity.

For an extended period, termination of pregnancies has been a standard procedure in medical treatment for individuals who have been experiencing significant issues. It is implemented in this manner to prevent catastrophic outcomes, such as sepsis, organ failure, and other severe scenarios.

Nevertheless, medical professionals and hospitals in Texas and other states with strict abortion laws have noted that it is uncertain whether or not these terminations could be in violation of abortion prohibitions that include the possibility of a prison sentence. This is the case in regions where abortion prohibitions are exceedingly restrictive.

Following the Supreme Court’s decision to overturn Roe v. Wade, which resulted in restrictions on the rights of women to have abortions in several Republican-ruled states, the Texas case was revisited in 2022.

As per the orders that were disclosed by the administration of Vice President Joe Biden, hospitals are still required to provide abortions in cases that are classified as dire emergency.

As stipulated in a piece of health care legislation, the majority of hospitals are obligated to provide medical assistance to patients who are experiencing medical distress. This is in accordance with the law.

The state of Texas maintained that hospitals should not be obligated to provide abortions throughout the litigation, as doing so would violate the state’s constitutional prohibition on abortions. In its January judgment, the 5th United States Circuit Court of Appeals concurred with the state and acknowledged that the administration had exceeded its authority.

SOURCE: AP

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Supreme Court Rejects Appeal From ‘Pharma Bro’ Martin Shkreli, To repay $6.4 Million

shkreli

Washington — The Supreme Court rejected Martin Shkreli’s appeal on Monday, after he was branded “Pharma Bro” for raising the price of a lifesaving prescription.

Martin appealed a decision to repay $64.6 million in profits he and his former company earned after monopolizing the pharmaceutical market and dramatically raising its price. His lawyers claimed the money went to his company rather than him personally.

The justices did not explain their reasoning, as is customary, and there were no notable dissents.

Prosecutors, conversely, claimed that the firm had promised to pay $40 million in a settlement and that because Martin orchestrated the plan, he should be held accountable for returning profits.

shkreli

Supreme Court Rejects Appeal From ‘Pharma Bro’ Martin Shkreli

Martin was also forced to forfeit the Wu-Tang Clan’s unreleased album “Once Upon a Time in Shaolin,” which has been dubbed the world’s rarest musical album. The multiplatinum hip-hop group auctioned off a single copy of the record in 2015, stipulating that it not be used commercially.

Shkreli was convicted of lying to investors and defrauding them of millions of dollars in two unsuccessful hedge funds he managed. Shkreli was the CEO of Turing Pharmaceuticals (later Vyera), which hiked the price of Daraprim from $13.50 to $750 per pill after acquiring exclusive rights to the decades-old medicine in 2015. It cures a rare parasite condition that affects pregnant women, cancer patients, and HIV patients.

shkreli

He defended the choice as an example of capitalism in action, claiming that insurance and other programs ensured that those in need of Daraprim would eventually receive it. However, the move prompted criticism, from the medical community to Congress.

shkreli

Supreme Court Rejects Appeal From ‘Pharma Bro’ Martin Shkreli

Attorney Thomas Huff said the Supreme Court’s Monday ruling was upsetting, but the high court could still overturn a lower court judgment that allowed the $64 million penalty order even though Shkreli had not personally received the money.

“If and when the Supreme Court does so, Mr. Shkreli will have a strong argument for modifying the order accordingly,” he told reporters.

Shkreli was freed from prison in 2022 after serving most of his seven-year sentence.

SOURCE | AP

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