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Is Pakistan Considering BRICS Membership? Insights And Speculations Prior To The Summit

(CTN NEWS) – Pakistan has not officially submitted a request to become a member of BRICS, the alliance comprising prominent developing nations Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa.
Officials from Pakistan have indicated that drawing conclusions at this point would be premature, as the group itself has not yet reached a consensus on its expansion plan.
Certain reports, particularly within Indian media, have suggested that Pakistan has expressed interest in joining BRICS, with China allegedly initiating lobbying efforts in favor of Pakistan’s inclusion.
Collectively, BRICS represents approximately 40% of the world’s population and a quarter of the global GDP.
Currently, leaders from BRICS nations are gathered in Johannesburg for a three-day summit. Notably, since its formation in 2009, this summit has garnered substantial attention.
The interest expressed by various Western capitals is driven by concerns that Russia and China, both influential members within BRICS, are aiming to enhance their roles through the alliance to counter the dominance of the US or Western-led global financial system.
China’s President, Xi Jinping, underscored the importance of unity among BRICS leaders during a summit held on Wednesday. He advocated for the expansion of the group, citing the need to address a global “period of turbulence and transformation.”
ORIGINAL STORY: BRICS Summit 2023: Developing Nations’ Leaders Address Expansion And Global Dynamics
BRICS Leaders Convene in Johannesburg to Discuss New Member Criteria and Expansion Plans
As reported by Reuters, the leaders of the prominent coalition of emerging economies, namely Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa (BRICS), have convened in Johannesburg.
Their discussions primarily revolve around the establishment of a comprehensive framework and specific criteria for the admission of new member nations, which takes precedence on the agenda.
Despite the unanimous public endorsement from all BRICS members regarding the expansion of the alliance, divergences persist regarding the extent and rapidity of this growth.
China, a key player within the bloc, has consistently advocated for expansion.
The nation perceives its strained relations with Washington and the escalated global tensions stemming from the Ukraine conflict as factors that impart a sense of urgency to the endeavor of enlargement.
In his address to the summit of BRICS leaders, President Xi expressed his satisfaction in observing the considerable enthusiasm exhibited by developing nations in seeking participation within BRICS.
He noted that numerous nations have submitted their applications to join the coalition.
“We should allow more nations to join the BRICS family, pooling together wisdom and efforts to enhance global governance’s fairness and equity,” remarked Xi.
Pakistan’s Stance on BRICS Membership Amidst Speculations and Pre-Summit Discourse
Prior to the summit, certain Indian publications speculated that China aimed to include Pakistan within BRICS, a move that New Delhi would oppose.
However, discreet discussions with foreign office officials here indicated that Pakistan is monitoring BRICS developments but has yet to decide on joining the coalition.
“One official, speaking on condition of anonymity, noted, “I believe the Indian media is interpreting the Chinese and Russian aspirations for BRICS expansion in a narrow manner.”
This official held the perspective that BRICS should initially determine whether it seeks expansion, with discussions regarding Pakistan or other countries joining the coalition following suit.
“At present, I can affirm there have been no discussions from the Pakistani side,” the official added.
The cautious response from Pakistani officials seems to imply a reluctance to be embroiled in bloc politics. Russia and China have exhibited a clear intention to employ BRICS as a countermeasure to the G-7, the assembly of influential affluent developed nations.
According to South African officials, over 40 countries have expressed interest in joining BRICS, and 22 of them have formally applied for admission.
Elaborating on the criteria for joining, specific details could find inclusion within a joint declaration slated for finalization on Wednesday.
Beyond the issue of enlargement, the summit’s agenda also encompasses the augmentation of the utilization of member states’ local currencies in trade and financial transactions to reduce dependence on the US dollar.
South African organizers had previously indicated that discussions about a shared BRICS currency would not take place. This notion had been proposed by Brazil as a substitute for reliance on the dollar.
New Member Prospects for NDB Expansion within BRICS and Developments in De-Dollarization Debate
The potential list of new member countries for the New Development Bank (NDB) within BRICS includes at least 15 contenders like Saudi Arabia, Algeria, and Argentina, as disclosed by the chief financial officer on Wednesday.
The NDB, which has consistently tapped into China’s capital market for funding, is presently in the process of registering an Indian rupee bond program amounting to $2.5 billion over five years. This move follows the issuance of the bank’s inaugural South African rand bond last week.
President Putin, attending the summit virtually due to concerns over arrest warrants issued by the International Criminal Court, has been an advocate for de-dollarization.
A debate within BRICS has ensued about introducing a unified currency or facilitating trade in local currencies to decrease reliance on the US dollar.
However, the prospect of such a proposal garnering support is slim, given that two key BRICS members—India and Brazil—might not endorse the idea due to their close alignment with US interests.
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News
Google’s Search Dominance Is Unwinding, But Still Accounting 48% Search Revenue

Google is so closely associated with its key product that its name is a verb that signifies “search.” However, Google’s dominance in that sector is dwindling.
According to eMarketer, Google will lose control of the US search industry for the first time in decades next year.
Google will remain the dominant search player, accounting for 48% of American search advertising revenue. And, remarkably, Google is still increasing its sales in the field, despite being the dominating player in search since the early days of the George W. Bush administration. However, Amazon is growing at a quicker rate.
Google’s Search Dominance Is Unwinding
Amazon will hold over a quarter of US search ad dollars next year, rising to 27% by 2026, while Google will fall even more, according to eMarketer.
The Wall Street Journal was first to report on the forecast.
Lest you think you’ll have to switch to Bing or Yahoo, this isn’t the end of Google or anything really near.
Google is the fourth-most valued public firm in the world. Its market worth is $2.1 trillion, trailing just Apple, Microsoft, and the AI chip darling Nvidia. It also maintains its dominance in other industries, such as display advertisements, where it dominates alongside Facebook’s parent firm Meta, and video ads on YouTube.
To put those “other” firms in context, each is worth more than Delta Air Lines’ total market value. So, yeah, Google is not going anywhere.
Nonetheless, Google faces numerous dangers to its operations, particularly from antitrust regulators.
On Monday, a federal judge in San Francisco ruled that Google must open up its Google Play Store to competitors, dealing a significant blow to the firm in its long-running battle with Fortnite creator Epic Games. Google announced that it would appeal the verdict.
In August, a federal judge ruled that Google has an illegal monopoly on search. That verdict could lead to the dissolution of the company’s search operation. Another antitrust lawsuit filed last month accuses Google of abusing its dominance in the online advertising business.
Meanwhile, European regulators have compelled Google to follow tough new standards, which have resulted in multiple $1 billion-plus fines.

Pixa Bay
Google’s Search Dominance Is Unwinding
On top of that, the marketplace is becoming more difficult on its own.
TikTok, the fastest-growing social network, is expanding into the search market. And Amazon has accomplished something few other digital titans have done to date: it has established a habit.
When you want to buy anything, you usually go to Amazon, not Google. Amazon then buys adverts to push companies’ products to the top of your search results, increasing sales and earning Amazon a greater portion of the revenue. According to eMarketer, it is expected to generate $27.8 billion in search revenue in the United States next year, trailing only Google’s $62.9 billion total.
And then there’s AI, the technology that (supposedly) will change everything.
Why search in stilted language for “kendall jenner why bad bunny breakup” or “police moving violation driver rights no stop sign” when you can just ask OpenAI’s ChatGPT, “What’s going on with Kendall Jenner and Bad Bunny?” in “I need help fighting a moving violation involving a stop sign that wasn’t visible.” Google is working on exactly this technology with its Gemini product, but its success is far from guaranteed, especially with Apple collaborating with OpenAI and other businesses rapidly joining the market.
A Google spokeswoman referred to a blog post from last week in which the company unveiled ads in its AI overviews (the AI-generated text that appears at the top of search results). It’s Google’s way of expressing its ability to profit on a changing marketplace while retaining its business, even as its consumers steadily transition to ask-and-answer AI and away from search.
Google has long used a single catchphrase to defend itself against opponents who claim it is a monopoly abusing its power: competition is only a click away. Until recently, that seemed comically obtuse. Really? We are going to switch to Bing? Or Duck Duck Go? Give me a break.
But today, it feels more like reality.
Google is in no danger of disappearing. However, every highly dominating company faces some type of reckoning over time. GE, a Dow mainstay for more than a century, was broken up last year and is now a shell of its previous dominance. Sears declared bankruptcy in 2022 and is virtually out of business. US Steel, long the foundation of American manufacturing, is attempting to sell itself to a Japanese corporation.
SOURCE | CNN
News
The Supreme Court Turns Down Biden’s Government Appeal in a Texas Emergency Abortion Matter.

(VOR News) – A ruling that prohibits emergency abortions that contravene the Supreme Court law in the state of Texas, which has one of the most stringent abortion restrictions in the country, has been upheld by the Supreme Court of the United States. The United States Supreme Court upheld this decision.
The justices did not provide any specifics regarding the underlying reasons for their decision to uphold an order from a lower court that declared hospitals cannot be legally obligated to administer abortions if doing so would violate the law in the state of Texas.
Institutions are not required to perform abortions, as stipulated in the decree. The common populace did not investigate any opposing viewpoints. The decision was made just weeks before a presidential election that brought abortion to the forefront of the political agenda.
This decision follows the 2022 Supreme Court ruling that ended abortion nationwide.
In response to a request from the administration of Vice President Joe Biden to overturn the lower court’s decision, the justices expressed their disapproval.
The government contends that hospitals are obligated to perform abortions in compliance with federal legislation when the health or life of an expectant patient is in an exceedingly precarious condition.
This is the case in regions where the procedure is prohibited. The difficulty hospitals in Texas and other states are experiencing in determining whether or not routine care could be in violation of stringent state laws that prohibit abortion has resulted in an increase in the number of complaints concerning pregnant women who are experiencing medical distress being turned away from emergency rooms.
The administration cited the Supreme Court’s ruling in a case that bore a striking resemblance to the one that was presented to it in Idaho at the beginning of the year. The justices took a limited decision in that case to allow the continuation of emergency abortions without interruption while a lawsuit was still being heard.
In contrast, Texas has been a vocal proponent of the injunction’s continued enforcement. Texas has argued that its circumstances are distinct from those of Idaho, as the state does have an exemption for situations that pose a significant hazard to the health of an expectant patient.
According to the state, the discrepancy is the result of this exemption. The state of Idaho had a provision that safeguarded a woman’s life when the issue was first broached; however, it did not include protection for her health.
Certified medical practitioners are not obligated to wait until a woman’s life is in imminent peril before they are legally permitted to perform an abortion, as determined by the state supreme court.
The state of Texas highlighted this to the Supreme Court.
Nevertheless, medical professionals have criticized the Texas statute as being perilously ambiguous, and a medical board has declined to provide a list of all the disorders that are eligible for an exception. Furthermore, the statute has been criticized for its hazardous ambiguity.
For an extended period, termination of pregnancies has been a standard procedure in medical treatment for individuals who have been experiencing significant issues. It is implemented in this manner to prevent catastrophic outcomes, such as sepsis, organ failure, and other severe scenarios.
Nevertheless, medical professionals and hospitals in Texas and other states with strict abortion laws have noted that it is uncertain whether or not these terminations could be in violation of abortion prohibitions that include the possibility of a prison sentence. This is the case in regions where abortion prohibitions are exceedingly restrictive.
Following the Supreme Court’s decision to overturn Roe v. Wade, which resulted in restrictions on the rights of women to have abortions in several Republican-ruled states, the Texas case was revisited in 2022.
As per the orders that were disclosed by the administration of Vice President Joe Biden, hospitals are still required to provide abortions in cases that are classified as dire emergency.
As stipulated in a piece of health care legislation, the majority of hospitals are obligated to provide medical assistance to patients who are experiencing medical distress. This is in accordance with the law.
The state of Texas maintained that hospitals should not be obligated to provide abortions throughout the litigation, as doing so would violate the state’s constitutional prohibition on abortions. In its January judgment, the 5th United States Circuit Court of Appeals concurred with the state and acknowledged that the administration had exceeded its authority.
SOURCE: AP
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Supreme Court Rejects Appeal From ‘Pharma Bro’ Martin Shkreli, To repay $6.4 Million

Washington — The Supreme Court rejected Martin Shkreli’s appeal on Monday, after he was branded “Pharma Bro” for raising the price of a lifesaving prescription.
Martin appealed a decision to repay $64.6 million in profits he and his former company earned after monopolizing the pharmaceutical market and dramatically raising its price. His lawyers claimed the money went to his company rather than him personally.
The justices did not explain their reasoning, as is customary, and there were no notable dissents.
Prosecutors, conversely, claimed that the firm had promised to pay $40 million in a settlement and that because Martin orchestrated the plan, he should be held accountable for returning profits.
Supreme Court Rejects Appeal From ‘Pharma Bro’ Martin Shkreli
Martin was also forced to forfeit the Wu-Tang Clan’s unreleased album “Once Upon a Time in Shaolin,” which has been dubbed the world’s rarest musical album. The multiplatinum hip-hop group auctioned off a single copy of the record in 2015, stipulating that it not be used commercially.
Shkreli was convicted of lying to investors and defrauding them of millions of dollars in two unsuccessful hedge funds he managed. Shkreli was the CEO of Turing Pharmaceuticals (later Vyera), which hiked the price of Daraprim from $13.50 to $750 per pill after acquiring exclusive rights to the decades-old medicine in 2015. It cures a rare parasite condition that affects pregnant women, cancer patients, and HIV patients.
He defended the choice as an example of capitalism in action, claiming that insurance and other programs ensured that those in need of Daraprim would eventually receive it. However, the move prompted criticism, from the medical community to Congress.
Supreme Court Rejects Appeal From ‘Pharma Bro’ Martin Shkreli
Attorney Thomas Huff said the Supreme Court’s Monday ruling was upsetting, but the high court could still overturn a lower court judgment that allowed the $64 million penalty order even though Shkreli had not personally received the money.
“If and when the Supreme Court does so, Mr. Shkreli will have a strong argument for modifying the order accordingly,” he told reporters.
Shkreli was freed from prison in 2022 after serving most of his seven-year sentence.
SOURCE | AP
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