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Undisclosed weaknesses of blockchain technology

Blockchain is becoming more prevalent in the modern world. Many blockchain app development companies offer products based on this technology and promote its advantages, including exceptional security, transparency, and decentralization. However, the technology’s drawbacks are often overlooked.

What is Blockchain?

Blockchain is a distributed ledger technology that moves from centralized data storage and transaction control to a decentralized model. In this system, automated validation methods like smart contracts replace the need for a central authority to validate transactions.

The entire database is distributed to all network participants instead of stored in a central server. In blockchain, each participant in the network is a node that has a copy of the entire database. This ensures access to the database even if some nodes fail.

Consensus mechanisms synchronize the copies of the database among the nodes. Information about any transaction is sent synchronously to all other nodes. Therefore, network participants must approve any changes made by individual nodes.

Weaknesses of Blockchain Technology

Scalability Issues

Traditional blockchains (Bitcoin and Ethereum) can handle only a limited number of transactions per second, significantly lower than traditional financial systems like credit card networks. This limitation stems from the size of blocks and the time it takes to add a new block to the blockchain.

The network can become congested as the number of users and transactions on a blockchain increases. This decreases transaction times and higher transaction fees, reducing the system’s efficiency and user experience.

Energy Consumption

Blockchains that use PoW, like Bitcoin, require significant computational power to solve complex mathematical problems. This process, known as mining, consumes a substantial amount of electricity, leading to environmental concerns and sustainability questions.

Security Vulnerabilities

Theoretically, if a single entity gains over 50% of a blockchain network’s computing power, it can manipulate the network and double-spend coins. While this is difficult to achieve, especially in larger networks, it remains a theoretical risk.

The code’s quality directly affects security on blockchains that support smart contracts, like Ethereum. Poorly written smart contracts can have vulnerabilities that hackers can exploit.

Regulatory and Legal Challenges

The lack of regulatory frameworks for blockchain and cryptocurrencies can lead to uncertainty and risk for users and investors. It also poses challenges for integrating blockchain into mainstream financial systems.

The decentralized nature of blockchain makes it challenging to fit within traditional legal frameworks, leading to uncertainties regarding jurisdiction and legal responsibility.

Lack of Adoption

Integrating blockchain technology with financial and data systems can be complex and costly, limiting widespread adoption. Misconceptions and a lack of understanding about blockchain technology can hinder its acceptance and adoption among the general public and industries.

Ways to Negate Weaknesses

Improving Scalability

The most promising way to solve the scalability problem is to implement layer 1 and layer 2 solutions. In this case, the first layer is the main blockchain itself, and the second layer is the superstructure over it.

The second layer can be a software solution or an additional blockchain. If we compare layer 1 vs layer 2 blockchain solutions, the difference in the approach of these two types becomes clear. Layer 1 solutions modify the blockchain itself by adding various mechanisms to control traffic and efficiently allocate processing power:

  • Sharding
  • Modifying the consensus mechanism
  • Increasing block capacity

Layer 2 solutions involve keeping the underlying network unchanged and transferring some of the computations from it to the superstructure, which can be:

  • Nested Blockchains
  • State channels
  • Sidechains
  • Rollups

Reducing Energy Consumption

Moving away from energy-intensive models like Proof of Work (PoW) to more efficient ones (Proof of Stake (PoS), Delegated Proof of Stake (DPoS)) is a good practice in the long run.

However, despite providers’ assurances of the transition’s simplicity and safety, it should be noted that changing the consensus mechanism involves altering the network architecture. This can be costly and risky for application performance due to potential bugs and vulnerabilities resulting from deep code changes.

Enhancing Security

It is proposed to conduct regular and comprehensive audits of blockchain protocols and smart contracts and implement advanced cryptographic methods to enhance security. However, this ongoing battle between hackers and information holders requires constant updates.

Additionally, this does not safeguard against new and effective hacking methods, such as quantum computing, for which there is currently no effective means of defense. Protecting against quantum computers is extremely difficult because they operate on a different logic, rendering standard computational protection useless.

Addressing Data Storage and Processing Issues

The company states that utilizing technologies like IPFS for decentralized storage and sidechains for off-chain processing will enhance data management efficiency. However, they do not address the potential issues that may arise from creating a blockchain add-on, such as interoperability and data security.

For example, some sidechains may lack security mechanisms and rely solely on their parent chain. Others may use their mechanisms, creating a bottleneck due to the difficulty synchronizing protection and validation methods between the parent and the side chains.

Improving Interoperability

Blockchain service providers often overlook compatibility issues and suggest developing protocols to ensure compatibility. However, the blockchain domain lacks standardization.

This is because it may use non-standard solutions that make Interoperability much more difficult or even impossible. If the blockchain is intended to be used with other networks, developing a protocol for each network and considering the consistency of interaction between the protocols will be necessary. This temporary solution will become optimal with wider standardization of the entire blockchain industry.

Conclusion

Blockchain technology has been integrated into everyday life for some time. However, our investigation into its potential drawbacks and the solutions offered by companies has revealed that the situation is not as straightforward as they claim. While problems do have solutions, these solutions come with their own nuances.

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US: A Judge Mandates that Google Allow Competing App Stores to Access Android

Google

(VOR News) – The ruling is that Google, the greatest technology firm in the world, is required to make its Android smartphone operating system available to merchants that supply applications that are in direct rivalry with Google’s. This decision was reached by a judge in the United States of America.

The Android Play store, which is owned and operated by Google, was found to be an example of an illegal monopoly arrangement by a jury in the state of California on Monday. The finding was reached by a jury. Monday is the day that this decision was come to.

An earlier federal judge ruled Google’s search engine illegal.

This finding, which came after that decision, has forced the company to suffer yet another setback. As a result of the corporation having already encountered its initial obstacle, this decision has been established. This particular decision was made by the judge during the month of August, when the month was in progress.

In light of the fact that the decision was made, what exactly does it mean that the choice was accepted?

In accordance with the verdict, Google is obligated to make it possible for users to download Android app stores that are offered by third-party competitors. For a period of three years, the corporation is prohibited from imposing restrictions on the usage of payment mechanisms that are integrated into the application.

In addition, it is important to keep in mind that Google does not possess the right to impose restrictions on the utilization of ways to make payments online.

Additionally, the verdict makes it unlawful for Google to give money to manufacturers of smartphones in order to preinstall its app store. Smartphone manufacturers are prohibited from doing so.

Furthermore, it prevents Google from the possibility of sharing the revenue that is generated by the Play store with other companies that are in the industry of delivering mobile applications.

In addition to this, the court has mandated the establishment of a technical committee that will be made up of three different people chosen at random.

The committee will be responsible for monitoring the implementation of the reforms and finding solutions to any disagreements that may occur as a consequence of the implementation of the reforms while they are being implemented. This task will fall under the committee’s purview so that it may fulfill its duties.

However, certain components were allowed to be put into action until July 1st, despite the fact that the judge’s statement suggested that the ruling would take effect on November 1st. The statement was the basis for the ruling, which ultimately became effective.

Particularly, I wanted to know what Google’s reaction would be.

There is a fact that Google does not adhere to this directive, which has been brought to their attention. This document argued that the alterations that the judge had ordered to be made would “cause a range of unintended consequences that will harm American consumers, developers, and device makers.”

The judge had ordered the modifications to be implemented. The alterations were to be carried out as indicated by the judge’s ruling. The judge made it clear that he expected these revisions to be carried out in accordance with his guidance.

The company’s regulatory affairs vice president, Lee-Anne Mulholland, provided the following statement: “We look forward to continuing to make our case on appeal, and we will continue to advocate for what is best for developers, device manufacturers, and the billions of Android users around the world.”

On average, over seventy percent of the total market for smartphones and other mobile devices is comprised of mobile devices that are powered by the Android operating system. Both smartphones and other small mobile devices are included in this category.

In the event that the Play app store continues to be shown on the home page and that other Google applications are pre-installed prior to the installation of the Android application, smartphone manufacturers are entitled to install the Android application at no cost at their discretion.

Additionally, the Android application can be installed on devices that are manufactured for smartphones.

SOURCE: DWN

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WhatsApp Now Features a “Mention” Tool for Status Updates and Stories.

WhatsApp

(VOR News) – Those who use WhatsApp now have the ability to mention other people in their stories or status updates as a consequence of a feature that was only recently enabled on the platform.

Previous to this point, this capability was not available. It wasn’t until quite recently that this capability became available to the public.

According to the information that was provided by the company, users now have the opportunity to tag close friends in their stories, and the person who is mentioned will have the option to go back and re-share an earlier version of that story. This information was provided by the company. The corporation was kind enough to reveal this information to us.

Because of a new feature that has been added to the WhatsApp app, users now have the opportunity to like individual stories and status updates.

This capability was previously unavailable to WhatsApp users.

A significant amount of progress has been made in this context. Alternative readers now have the chance to “like” a work, which is comparable to liking a post on Facebook. This feature was introduced in recent years. When compared to the past, this is a tremendous shift.

At one point in time, viewers were only permitted to observe the total number of views that a particular story had gotten. These restrictions were eliminated in later versions of the software.

Additionally, it is essential that the likes and reactions to a story be kept anonymous during the entire process. One of the factors that contributes to the general mystery that surrounds this characteristic is the fact that this is one of the elements.

The person who brought it to the attention of others is the only person who will be able to judge who enjoyed it and who did not care about it. These individuals will be able to make this determination.

A notification will be issued to the individual who was referenced earlier in the sentence and who was named in the story or status update that was discussed. A notification of this nature will be sent to the individual via WhatsApp.

This message will be sent to the user in question whenever that person makes a reference to another person while they are in the process of elaborating on a narrative or updating their status. You will receive a notification alerting you that you have been tagged in the narrative.

This notification will be delivered to the person who receives this message. In addition, students will be provided with the opportunity to re-share the tale for themselves.

It is important to note that if the names of individuals who have been referenced in a narrative or a status update are included in any of these, then the names of those individuals will not be accessible to any third party through any of these. In light of the fact that the identities of those individuals will be concealed from public disclosure, this is the condition that will be required.

While WhatsApp recently made the announcement that it will be incorporating this functionality, it is highly likely that not all users will have access to it at the same time.

This is despite the fact that WhatsApp recently made this announcement.

Despite the fact that WhatsApp has only recently made a public announcement that it will move forward with the deployment, this is the situation that has presented itself.

As soon as a short period of time has elapsed, access will be made available to each and every person on the entire world.

Additionally, WhatsApp has hinted that new functionalities might be introduced to the status and updates tab in the future months.

The purpose of these capabilities is to provide users with assistance in maintaining healthy connections with the individuals who play a vital role in their living experiences. This is done in order to give users with support in maintaining close relationships with the folks who are the subject of the inquiry.

It is with the purpose of supporting users in successfully keeping close ties with the individuals in question that this step is taken.

SOURCE: DN

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Over The Planned “Link Tax” Bill, Google Threatens to Remove NZ News Links.

Google

(VOR News) – Google has sent a strong message to the New Zealand government, threatening to stop boosting local news content should the Fair Digital News Bargaining Bill become law.

The law, put up by the Labour government and backed by the coalition in power at the moment, mandates that digital companies such as Google pay back news organizations for links to their material.

News publishers, on the other hand, charge the tech giant with “corporate bullying.”

Google says this measure may have unanticipated effects.

Google New Zealand’s country director, Caroline Rainsford, voiced her worries that the law, which is being referred to as a “link tax,” is not doing enough to support the media industry in New Zealand right now.

She underlined that Google would have to make major adjustments if the previously mentioned law were to pass, including cutting off links to news articles from its Search, News, and Discover platforms and cutting off financial ties with regional publications.

According to Rainsford, similar legislation has been proposed and approved in other nations including Australia and Canada, but it has not been proven to be effective there and breaches the principles of the open web.

She drew attention to the fact that smaller media outlets will be most negatively impacted, which will limit their capacity to reach prospective audiences.

Google says its alternative options will protect smaller, local media from negative effects.

Conversely, it conveys apprehension regarding the possible fiscal obligations and vagueness of the legislation, which it feels generates an intolerable level of ambiguity for enterprises functioning within New Zealand.

The New Zealand News Publishers Association (NPA) has reacted to Google’s warnings by alleging that the internet behemoth is using coercive tactics.

They specifically contend that the need for regulation stems from the market distortion that Google and other tech giants have created, which has fueled their expansion into some of the most significant corporations in global history.

The legislation aims to create a more equal framework that media businesses can use to negotiate commercial relationships with technological platforms that profit from their content.

New Zealand Media Editors CEO Michael Boggs stated that he was in favor of the bill, citing the fact that Google now makes a substantial profit from material created by regional publications.

He also emphasized that the use of artificial intelligence by Google—which frequently makes references to news articles without giving credit to the original sources—highlights the significance of enacting legislation.

Paul Goldsmith, the Minister of Media and Communications, has stated that the government is now evaluating various viewpoints and is still in the consultation phase.

He stated that the government and Google have been having continuous talks and will keep up these ongoing discussions.

However, not all political parties accept the validity of the Act.

The ACT Party’s leader, David Seymour, has voiced his displeasure of the proposal, saying that Google is a game the government is “playing chicken” with. He threatened the smaller media companies, saying that they would suffer from worse search engine rankings if the internet giant followed through on its promises.

Seymour contended that it is not the government’s responsibility to shield companies from shifts in the market brought about by consumer preferences.

The things that have happened in other nations are similar to what has happened in New Zealand.

Google has agreements with a number of Australian media firms that are in compliance with its News Media Bargaining Code. These agreements contain provisions that permit an annual cancellation of these agreements.

Due to the government’s decision to exempt Google from the Online News Act, the company has committed to supporting news dissemination by contributing annually to the Canadian journalistic community.

The New Zealand measure is consistent with global approaches aimed at regulating the relationships that exist between technology corporations and media organizations.

It’s hard to say what will happen with the Fair Digital News Bargaining Bill as the discussion goes on. Google and the New Zealand media landscape are preparing for what might be a protracted legal battle.

SOURCE: TET

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